Colon cancer is the third most common cancer in the world. Each year, there are over 1 million new cases diagnosed and over 600,000 people die from the disease. While the cause of colon cancer is still unknown, there are certain risk factors that can increase your chances of developing the disease. These include a family history of colon cancer, age, smoking, obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle. There are two main types of colon cancer: adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas. Adenocarcinomas make up the vast majority of cases (about 95%), while squamous cell carcinomas are much less common (about 5%). Treatment for colon cancer typically involves surgery to remove the cancerous tumor, as well as chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. If you are concerned about your risk for colon cancer, there are certain steps you can take to help prevent the disease. These include maintaining a healthy weight, exercising regularly, eating a healthy diet high in fruits and vegetables, and getting screened for colon cancer.
What is colon cancer?
Colon cancer is that type of cancer that starts from the large intestine (colon). The colon is the final part of the digestive system, where food is processed and nutrients are absorbed. Most colon cancers start as small, noncancerous (benign) polyps that gradually turn into cancer.
Risk factors for colon cancer include age, family history, smoking, obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle. Treatment options including surgery of colon, radiation therapy, and the chemotherapy.
Epidemiology of colon cancer
There are many different types of colon cancer, which can be difficult to diagnose and treat. The most common type of colon cancer is adenocarcinoma, which starts in the cells lining the inside of the colon. Other types of colon cancer include mucinous adenocarcinoma, signet ring cell carcinoma, and small cell carcinoma.
The cause of colon cancer is unknown, but there are risk factors that can increase your chance of developing the disease. These include a family history of colon cancer, a personal history of colorectal polyps or other inflammatory bowel diseases, and a diet high in fat and low in fiber. African Americans have a higher incidence of colon cancer than any other racial group.
screening for colon cancer is important, because it can often be caught early when it is most treatable. Screening tests include a fecal occult blood test, which looks for blood in the stool that cannot be seen with the naked eye, and a colonoscopy, which visualizes the entire length of the large intestine. Treatment for colon cancer usually involves surgery to remove the tumor and surrounding tissue, as well as chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy to kill any remaining cancer cells. Prevention of colon cancer includes eating a healthy diet, getting regular exercise, and getting screened for the disease.
The different types of colon cancer
There are four main types of colon cancer, each named after the part of the colon where the cancer begins.
1. Cancer in the proximal colon: This type of cancer starts in the upper part of the colon, closest to the small intestine. It is also called ascending colon cancer.
2. Cancer in the transverse colon: This type of cancer starts in the middle of the colon, across from the stomach. It is also called horizontal or cross-section cancer.
3. Cancer in the distal colon: This type of cancer starts in the lower part of the colon, near the rectum and anus. It is also called descending colon cancer or sigmoid tumor.
4. Rectal cancer: This type of cancer starts in the last 6 inches of the rectum, just before it joins with the anus.
Causes of colon cancer
The colon is the large intestine, and the cancer usually starts in the mucus-producing cells that line its inner surface. These cells grow and divide to produce new mucus-secreting cells. However, sometimes this process goes awry. The result may be an accumulation of abnormal cells that have a tendency to invade other tissues or to spread to other parts of the body.
There are many possible causes of colon cancer, but the most common cause is believed to be a diet high in fat and low in fiber. Other risk factors include a family history of colon cancer, obesity, smoking, and age. African Americans are at increased risk for colon cancer, as are people with inflammatory bowel disease or certain hereditary syndromes.
While the exact cause of colon cancer is unknown, there are several theories about how it develops. One theory suggests that a diet high in fat and low in fiber promotes the growth of abnormal cells in the colon. Another theory suggests that inflammation within the colon leads to the development of precancerous lesions. Still another theory implicates bacteria in the development of colon cancer. Regardless of its exact cause, colon cancer is a serious disease that can be fatal if not detected early and treated promptly.
Why the colon cancer is fetal?
The colon is the large intestine, and the cancer that develops there is called colon cancer. This type of cancer usually starts out as a small growth, called a polyp, on the inner lining of the colon. If left untreated, these polyps can grow larger and eventually turn into cancer.
There are many risk factors for the cancer of colon, including the ageof a person, the family history, and lifestyle choices. However, one of the most significant risk factors is a condition known as familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). FAP is an inherited disorder that causes hundreds or even thousands of polyps to form in the colon. People with FAP have a very high risk of developing colon cancer if the condition is not treated.
While colon cancer can develop in anyone, it is most common in people over the age of 50. African Americans are also at increased risk for this disease. Symptoms of colon cancer include bleeding from the rectum, blood in the stool, abdominal pain, and changes in bowel habits. If you experience any of these symptoms, it is important to see a doctor so that the cause can be determined and treatment can be started if necessary.
There are several different types of treatment for colon cancer, depending on the stage of the disease. In early stages, surgery may be all that is needed to remove the tumor. Chronic cases may require sometimes chemotherapy or radiation therapy along with surgery. The best way to avoid developing colon cancer is to get early diagnosis.
Foods responsible for colon cancer
According to the American Cancer Society, about 1 in 20 Americans will develop colon cancer at some point in their lifetime. The good news about this type of cancer is that it's one of the most preventable.
There are many different factors that can increase your risk of developing colon cancer, but diet is thought to be one of the most important. Studies have shown that certain foods are linked to an increased risk of colon cancer, while others may help protect against it.
If you're concerned about your risk of colon cancer, consider making these dietary changes:
Limit your intake of processed meats. Processed meats are those that have been preserved by smoking, curing, or salting, and include items like bacon, sausage, and hot dogs. They are a known carcinogen and have been linked to an increased risk of colon cancer. If you eat processed meats, make sure to do so in moderation.
Eat more fiber-rich foods. Fiber is thought to help protect against colon cancer by helping to keep the digestive system healthy and preventing constipation (which can lead to colorectal polyps). Good sources of fiber include whole grains, beans, legumes, and fruits and vegetables.
Limit your intake of saturated fats. Saturated fats are found in animal products like meat and dairy, as well as some plant-based oils like coconut oil. Eating too much saturated fat has been linked to an increased risk of colon cancer. Try to get your saturated fat
Food beneficial for colon cancer
There are many different types of food that can be beneficial for colon cancer. Some of the best foods for colon cancer include:
1. Fiber-rich foods: A diet high in fiber has been shown to reduce the risk of colon cancer. Fiber-rich foods include whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and beans.
2. Calcium-rich foods: Foods rich in calcium may help prevent colon cancer by binding to carcinogens in the intestine and keeping them from being absorbed into the body. Calcium-rich foods include dairy products, dark green leafy vegetables, and fortified cereals and juices.
3. Omega-3 fatty acids: Omega-3 fatty acids have anti-inflammatory properties that may help protect against colon cancer. Best source of the desired fatty acids includes fish, nuts, and also seeds.
4. Antioxidant-rich foods: Antioxidants scavenge harmful molecules that can damage cells and contribute to the development of cancer. Foods that are high in antioxidants includes berries, dark leafy vegetables, and tomatoes
Lifestyle modification
There are a number of lifestyle modifications that can help reduce your risk of developing colon cancer, or improve your prognosis if you have already been diagnosed. quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, eating a healthy diet high in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains and low in processed meats, and getting regular exercise can all help lower your risk of colon cancer. If you have a family history of the disease or are over the age of 50, you may also be at increased risk and should talk to your doctor about additional screening measures.
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